How macroeconomics is different from microeconomics Essay

What is economics? Before we start to learn about economics, we have to understand that what is the different between macroeconomics and microeconomics. Macroeconomics and microeconomics are the main branches of economics. (Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair and Sharon M. Oster (2012): Principles of Economics, 10th ed. Global Edition, Chapter 1). And, I will describe that with examples. Microeconomics seems likes the â€Å"trees†. It studies and focuses on one unit at the same time, like the firm, the industry and the household. Nevertheless, macroeconomics seems like the â€Å"forest†. It is because it studies and analyses the whole economics, the sum of these. First of all, Microeconomics examines the functioning of individual industries and the behavior of individual decision – making units, typically firms and households.( Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair and Sharon M. Oster (2012): Principles of Economics, 10th ed. Global Edition, Chapter 1) It also analyses about the individual producers – that is how to allocate limited resources in the production of various commodities to make the maximum profits. Furthermore, microeconomics studies how households and firms make choices, how they interact on the market and how the government tried to influence their choice. Microeconomics concerned about people’s decisions and behaviors, that how to affect the supply and demand by goods and services. For example, who is responsible for determining prices and also how to determine the supply and demand by goods and services. Microeconomics would be more focus on examine one aspect of the economic behavior. Nevertheless, it will neglect the interaction with the rest of the economy in order. It is for keep the simplicity of the analysis. In my opinion, i think the important thing in microeconomics, that is microeconomics always ignore other problems during analysis the individual research. When microeconomics analysis neglects some of these indirect effects, it would be â€Å"partial’ rather than â€Å"general’ analysis.†Partial† equals the microeconomics analysis; â€Å"general† equals the macroeconomics. That also is the main different between microeconomics and macroeconomics. And, according to the principle of microeconomics which is microeconomics  focus on detailed understanding of particular markets. So, many interactions with other markets are suppressed. On the other hand, macroeconomics looks at the economy as a whole and examines the economic behavior of aggregates – income, employment, output and so on – on a national scale. (Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair and Sharon M. Oster (2012): Principles of Economics, 10th ed. Global Edition, Chapter 1) Also, macroeconomics studies the interaction of different parts of the economy. Macroeconomics analysis is based on production, income, price level and unemployment throughout the economic behavior. Macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole, including some problem, such as inflation, unemployment and economic growth. And, some macroeconomics concepts like gross domestic product, aggregate price level and unemployment rate always use for analysis about macroeconomics. Macroeconomics will explain why the economy will have an economic recession and unemployment. And, macroeconomics will talk about why some economies grow much faster than other economies in the long period. Also, macroeconomics involved in policy issues, such as government intervention can reduce the severity of the recession. Generally, macroeconomics focuses on households, firms (which together compose the private sector), the government (the public sector) and the rest of the world (the international sector). And, government has used some policies to influence the macroeconomy. For example, fiscal policy, monetary policy and growth or supply – side policies. Macroeconomics would not study ‘one’ thing, such as just one product, like a car or a bed. They group them to be â€Å"consumer goods†. There are many differences between microeconomics and macroeconomics. The typical different is microeconomics deals with ‘individual’ and macroeconomics deals with ‘aggregate’. That is macroeconomics deals with the sum of these ‘individual’. There are some differences,  First of all, I will talk about the production different. In microeconomics, the production and output are in individual industries and businesses. They will think about what to produce, how much to buy, some of these personal questions. For example, how many cars they will produce or how much office space they need to rent. On the opposite side, macroeconomics is focused on  national production and output. For example, the total industrial output, gross domestic product and growth of output. The second is about the prices different between microeconomics and macroeconomics. In microeconomics, it just focuses on the prices of individual goods and services. It examines on one product’s price. For example, price of skin care, price of coal, food prices and also apartment rents. However, macroeconomics looks at the overall price level which is aggregate the price level. For example, the consumer prices, producers prices and rate of inflation, etc. it can use for examine the whole economics and know more interaction on the whole economics. In addition, we will talk about the employment different between microeconomics and macroeconomics. In microeconomics, it is concentrate on employment by individual business and industries. For example, the jobs in the medical industry, number of employees in a firm and number of accountants. However, macroeconomics is focused on the employment and the unemployment in the economy. For example, the unemployment rate and the total number of jobs. Macroeconomics will use this information to analysis the interaction on the markets. Moreover, I will talk about the â€Å"income† difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics. In macroeconomics, income means national income. They just look at the total wages and the total salaries. They also look at the total corporate profits. On the opposite side, We can see that the income in microeconomics is so small, it just one thing (an individual, not the sum). But on macroeconomics, there are so large, is the sum of all of these. For example, in microeconomics, it looks at the wage in the auto industry, but in macroeconomics, it looks at the sum of wages in all industries. Also, microeconomics and macroeconomics are different on which problems they solve. That is what I mentioned before. Microeconomics solve the problem of resource allocation, that is what is produced, how to produce and whom to produce, for achieve the maximization of individual benefits. Macroeconomics researches resource utilization issues in the social sphere to achieve the maximization of social welfare. Moreover, the research methods are different between microeconomics and macroeconomics. The microeconomics method is  analysis the sum of the amount. The macroeconomics method is analysis the total amount and the average amount, it can reflect the whole economic operation of the decision, changes and their mutual relations. Also, microeconomics concerned with household income. But macroeconomics concerned with national income. Distinction between microeconomics and macroeconomics is not so strictly fixed. Many economic situations are both involving the microeconomic and also the macroeconomics. For example, the overall level of enterprise to invest in new machinery and equipment, it can help the speed of economic growth. That is a macroeconomic issue. However, to understand the business decision for purchase how many new machinery and equipment, we have to analysis the individual enterprise first. That is a microeconomic issue. Microeconomics is focus on a single economic unit, such as household and manufacturers. Macroeconomics study the economy as a whole, it analysis the economic issues on the total amount. Generally, in my opinion, the mainly different that between microeconomics and macroeconomics is economics in the small and economics in the large.

Curley’s Wife Essay

The character of Curley’s Wife is one of the most significant characters in the book as she is linked to the key themes of loneliness and dreams, which ultimately leads to both her death and Lennie’s death. Steinbeck uses the character of Curley’s Wife as a microcosm for the prejudice that faced all women in 1930’s America. Like most of the main characters in the novel, Curley’s wife is significantly related to the theme of dreams. Her role in this theme is slightly more important than others, however, because of her position as the only female character on the farm. The fact that she is the only woman makes her opinions and actions representative of all women living in the Great American Depression. â€Å"Coulda been in the movies, an’ had nice clothes- all them nice clothes like they wear. An’ I coulda sat in them big hotels, an’ had pitchers took of me. † Here, we see how Curley’s Wife, despite not having a name, has dreams and still relies on those dreams as a way of escaping the loneliness in the farm. Curley’s Wife is a stereotype of many other women in 1930’s America who turned to men as a result of failed dreams, and chose to take the easy route rather than be crushed by America’s cruel judgement of women. Curley’s Wife is very significant to the ending of the novel as her death is the downfall of George, Lennie and Candy’s united dream. Without this death, George, Lennie and Candy may still have gone on to live their shared dream, but because of it George had to kill Lennie. The significance of Curley’s Wife is ironically also shown threw the insignificance with which the workers in the novel treat her. Within her very first introduction, Steinbeck offers a glimpse of her role as the promiscuous troublemaker and the way in which the other characters respond to this. George, in particular, illustrates how others judge or misconceive her solely because of her gender; †Jesus what a tramp, so that’s what Curley picks for a wife†. Here, Steinbeck uses George to represent the male population of America and their attitude to women in the 1930’s. The character of Curley’s Wife is particularly significant in this microcosm as she conveys the insignificance of women and their reliance on men to just ‘pick’ and drop them on their own accord. The disregard with which Curley’s Wife is treated continues through to the very lowest positions in the farm’s hierarchy. Despite being the daughter-in-law of the boss, Curley’s Wife still suffers abuse from George, Candy and even Lennie who often refer to her as â€Å"jail-bait† and a â€Å"tart†. These derogatory statements illustrate how Curley’s Wife is made to feel worthless solely because of her gender. Curley’s Wife is significant as she presents the backward attitude of most men in 1930’s America who were scared to treat women with respect for fear of evoking conflict and losing their job, something so hard to come by in the harsh economic times. Steinbeck uses the character of Curley’s Wife to convey her dysfunctional marriage, something that was common in 1930’s America. Curley disrespects his wife and she is constantly the source of his objectification. This is most evident through her name ‘Curley’s Wife’ which clearly conveys the hold and possessive nature that Curley has over her. Steinbeck’s use of withholding information here, also suggests that she is not deserving of her own name and highlights her inferior position on the farm. â€Å"I don’t like Curley. He ain’t a nice fella. † Here Steinbeck shows how Curley’s Wife did not marry for love and demonstrates a common situation in America where women often used their sexuality to get them married for stabilisation during the Great Depression. Curley’s Wife is also a symbol of the mistreatment of women. â€Å"Curley says he’s keeping that hand soft for his wife†. Here, we see how the other characters on the farm regard Curley’s wife as a mere sex object solely because of her gender and her dependency on her husband. This serves as a microcosm for 1930’s America, as the general consensus was that the sole purpose of women was to meet the needs of their husbands. A final way in which Curley’s Wife is significant in the novel is through her link to the theme of loneliness. Curley’s Wife is one of the loneliest characters in the novel, which is overlooked at first but becomes more apparent as the novel continues. â€Å"Why can’t I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely. † Curley’s Wife is constantly rejected by her husband and to combat this she tries her best to attract the attention of the workers. She does this by going to extremes with her physical appearance; â€Å"She had full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. † This shows her desperation to be noticed, which is understandable given the cruel judgement and disregard with which she and many other American women were faced. The loneliness of Curley’s Wife and her child-like search for attention was eventually the death of her. In her happiness at being noticed for once, Curley’s Wife misjudged Lennie’s capabilities, which was what ultimately led to her inevitable death. Curley’s Wife represents the lonely people in America and in the world whose cry for attention turns out to be their downfall. In conclusion Curley’s Wife is extremely significant to the novel and serves as a symbol for prejudice and objectification in 1930’s America. With the help of this character Steinbeck can clearly illustrate some of the novels key themes of loneliness, dreams and relationships from the perspective of the only woman in this novel.

And Then There Were None

And Then There Were None Agatha Christie was born on September 15th, 1890 in Torquay, England. Her name at birth was Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller, and her parents were Clarissa Boehmer of Belfast, Ireland and Frederick Miller, an American. Agatha was the youngest of three children, and grew up very alone because of the age gap of over ten years between her siblings. Her father passed away when she was only eleven years old, leaving her to grow up with her mother’s care. In 1906 Agatha traveled to Paris where she studied singing and piano (Www.sfu.ca). She didn’t discover her talent for writing until she was older. Years later on Christmas Eve (Www.sfu.ca) 1914, the Miller girl became Agatha Christie after marrying war Captain Archibald Christie. The two became parents in 1919 when they had their daughter, Rosalind. Before then, throughout 1914 to 1918, Agatha worked as a hospital and dispensary nurse during World War I. That was where she developed her vast knowledge involving poisons, drugs an d medicines (Www.sfu.ca). In 1920, Christie published her first book, â€Å"The Mysterious Affair at Styles†, in America. The book introduced her most famous character, Hercule Poirot, who would later appear in more than forty more books (Winks 12). After the book was published, Agatha wrote five more mysteries (Www.nd.edu) before publishing the novel that began her huge success; â€Å"The Murder of Rodger Ackroyd† (Winks 2). Seven months after the book was published, Agatha disappeared. Suspects claimed that she was murdered, and others believed her missing case was an act for publicity while the nation searched for her (Winks 3). Her whereabouts were discovered ten days after her disappearance when some people found out that she had registered in a local hotel under the name of the women with whom she had found out her husband was cheating with (Winks 3). In 1928, Agatha and Archibald divorced, which opened up a new door for Agatha’s characters when she develo ped the now famous Miss Marple. Two years later, after a couple more successful books had been published, she met Max Mallowan in Baghdad. Agatha and the archaeologist were soon married and Christie began to approach her highest point as an author. In 1930, Agatha Christie began writing and publishing romance novels under the pen name of Mary Westmacott. Robin Winks said, â€Å"These noncrime novels are not taken seriously today†. Christie was thought to put into play her feelings toward her ex-husband throughout the Westmacott novels (Winks 18). After years of fame, Agatha was awarded a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1956. She also became President of the Detection Club in 1957 and was awarded an honorary doctorate from Exeter University in 1961. Perhaps her most elite recognition was when she was named a Dame of the British Empire by the Queen of England in 1971. Her nickname was in fact the â€Å"Queen of Crime†. On January 12th, 1976, Agatha Christ ie passed away from old age. The author was only exceeded by Shakespeare and the Bible. Her 1940’s novel â€Å"Sleeping Murder: Miss Marple’s Last Case† was published after her death.